解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
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公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Meiotic pairing and segregation were studied in three different heterozygous reciprocal translocation strains of the baker's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Pachytene translocation quadrivalents were identified by a combination of immunofluorescence and fluorescence in situ hybridization and the karyotypes of meiotic...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050304
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The two-hybrid system was used to identify proteins that interact with the central conserved domain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA topoisomerase I. Several different C-terminal domain-containing fragments of topoisomerase I, none of which overlapped with the central domain, were identified as specific interacting pol...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050299
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have used a new approach involving in situ hybridisation and electron microscopy to establish ultrastructural homologies between polytene chromosome regions of Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila subobscura. Twelve probes were chosen to cover all the chromosomal elements: the myospheroid gene, the collagen type ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050287
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a method for preparing nuclear spreads from cells of live, unfixed zebrafish embryos at the late-gastrula (approximately 8000 cell) stage of development. The method consists of a sequence of four steps: (1) a slow, gentle lysis, in low to moderate salt concentration, of cells and then nuclei, to release DN...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050280
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper describes the effects of 5-azacytidine on the condensation state of rye (Secale cereale L.) chromatin introduced into the wheat genome (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Beaver). The wheat cultivar Beaver carries a translocation between the short arm of rye chromosome 1R (1RS) and the long arm of wheat chromosome 1B...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/pl00007688
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) variation in the species Triturus vulgaris meridionalis (Amphibia, Urodela) is remarkable because of unusually high intraspecific variability in the number and distribution of ribosomal loci in the karyotype; in addition, portions of the intergenic spacer (IGS) are clustered at chromosomal loci wh...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050253
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human neutrophil nuclei typically consist of three of four large heterochromatic lobes joined by thin, DNA-containing filaments. In addition, some lobes exhibit appendages of various sizes and shapes. Classical genetic and cytological studies suggest that some appendages contain specific chromosomes. The studies repor...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050236
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report on the construction of the first comparative Zoo-FISH map of a marine mammal. Zoo-FISH with DNA probes from a human chromosome-specific library to metaphase spreads of the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) disclosed 31 conserved syntenic segments covering the complete autosomal complement and the X chromosome. Co...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050230
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have sequenced and analyzed 8.3 kb of sequence adjacent and distal to the human ribosomal DNA (rDNA); this distal sequence connects to the rDNA cluster just 4 kb upstream of the first promoter and is shared among the acrocentric chromosomes and, at least in part, it is also present in other primates. The sequence d...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02510479
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of helix 6, which forms the major portion of the most 5'-located expansion segment of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 18S rRNA, was studied by in vivo mutational analysis. Mutations that increased the size of the helical part and/or the loop, even to a relatively small extent, abolished 18S rRNA formation almost com...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02510489
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The preferred positions for meiotic double-strand breakage were mapped on Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosomes I and VI, and on a number of yeast artificial chromosomes carrying human DNA inserts. Each chromosome had strong and weak double-strand break (DSB) sites. On average one DSB-prone region was detected by pulse...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02524645
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique to search the Drosophila melanogaster genome for the presence of sequences with homology to mammalian and yeast centromeric DNA. Using primers based on the human CENP-B box present in alpha-satellite DNA and part of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae CDEIII centrome...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hsp70, hsp83, hsromega, and the small heat shock protein genes were mapped on the polytene chromosomes of six species, representative of the geographical distribution of the Drosophila montium subgroup of the melanogaster species group. In addition, based on hybridization conditions, the putative locus of the hsp6...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02509520
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Internally consistent G-, Q- and R-banded karyotypes and idiograms for sheep chromosomes at the 422-band level of resolution are presented. These were derived by sequential Q- to G-staining, and sequential Q- to R-staining of prometaphase spreads prepared from sheep with normal and Robertsonian chromosomes. The fused ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02510040
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::An unstable minichromosome comprising part of the short arm of chromosome 10 of maize was recovered from an oil yellow variegated plant as a consequence of gamma irradiation of pollen. The cytological and gene dosage observations are consistent with the minichromosome being a partial isochromosome, which lags at mitot...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00352297
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Position-effect variegation (PEV) is the mosaic expression of a euchromatic gene brought into juxtaposition with heterochromatin. Fourteen different transformed Drosophila melanogaster lines with variegating P-element inserts were used to examine the DNA levels of these transgenes. Insert sites include pericentric, te...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00352116
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies of the Robertsonian polymorphism in the Atlantic dog-whelk, Nucella lapillus (2n = 26-36), have been limited by the inability to identify unequivocally individual chromosomes in the karyotype. This species, as with many other marine invertebrates, has proven largely refractory to the standard (mammali...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00352269
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The localization of DNA in the condensed interphase chromosomes of Euglena was determined by immunoelectron microscopy. Deposits of gold particles that coincided with the localization of DNA followed threads that corresponded to the chromatin fibers. The threads were 55-80nm in diameter and were assumed to be supersol...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00337227
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chromosomes of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) contain a considerable amount of heterochromatin located at the centromeres and/or telomeres of several chromosomes, including a sex-specific block located distally on the X chromosome. In order to investigate further the repetitive DNAs of lake trout, genomic DNA f...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00352255
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Meiotic prophase in Schizosaccharomyces pombe is characterized by striking nuclear movements and the formation of linear elements along chromosomes instead of tripartite synaptonemal complexes. We analysed the organization of nuclei and microtubules in cells of fission yeasts undergoing sexual differentiation. S. japo...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00352185
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirty P1 clones from the X chromosome (Muller's A element) of Drosophila melanogaster were cross-hybridized in situ to Drosophila subobscura and Drosophila pseudoobscura polytene chromosomes. An additional recombinant phage lambda Dsuby was also used as a marker. Twenty-three (77%) of the P1 clones gave positive hybr...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00347695
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibodies against human Rad51 protein were used to examine the distribution of Rad51 on meiotic chromatin in mouse spermatocytes and oocytes as well as chicken oocytes during sequential stages of meiosis. We observed the following dynamic changes in distribution of Rad51 during meiosis: (1) in early leptotene nuclei ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00352222
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Xenopus laevis eight tRNA genes are located in a 3.18 kb tandemly repeated unit. There are 150 copies of the unit at a single locus near the long arm telomere of one of the acrocentric chromosomes in the 14-17 group. Two additional classes of tRNA gene-containing repeats have been isolated (defined by clones p3.1 a...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00352227
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This investigation was conducted to determine the relationship between Y chromosome loss and increased micronucleus formation with age. We also investigated the status of kinetochore proteins in the micronuclei. Umbilical cord blood samples were obtained from 18 newborn males, and peripheral blood was obtained from 35...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00344234
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using fluorescence in situ hybridization, conventional epifluorescence microscopy, and laser scanning confocal microscopy followed by three-dimensional reconstruction we describe a well-defined higher order packaging of the human genome in the sperm cell nucleus. This was determined by the spatial localization of cent...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00357684
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study of RNA pol II-mediated transcription regulation has been dominated by molecular biological approaches. Although these methods continue to provide important insights, other approaches are required to insure against an oversimplified view of gene expression. Improvements in EM methods and the development of th...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF00355315
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The DNA of eukaryotic cells is organized in a complex with proteins, either as interphase chromatin or mitotic chromosomes. Nucleosomes, the structural subunits of chromatin, have long been considered as static structures, incompatible with processes occurring in chromatin. During the past few years it has become evid...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF00337382
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::With simultaneous immunofluorescence and fluorescent in situ hybridization, we have determined the organization of native and heterologous DNA sequences relative to the cores of meiotic prophase chromosomes. The normal chromatin organization is demonstrated with probes of mouse sequences: a cosmid probe that identifie...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00362284
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Compelling evidence has been obtained in favour of the idea that the nuclear surface of higher plant cells is a microtubule-nucleating and/or organizing site (MTOC), in the absence of defined centrosomes. How these plant MTOC proteins are redistributed and function during the progression of the cell cycle remains enti...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00417882
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nuclear topography of pericentromeric DNA of chromosome 11 was analyzed in G0 (nonstimulated) and G1 [phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulated] human lymphocytes by confocal microscopy. In addition to the nuclear center, the centrosome was used as a second point of reference in the three-dimensional (3D) analysis. Peri...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00352253
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three new 18S.26S rRNA gene loci were identified in common wheat by sequential N-banding and in situ hybridization (ISH) analysis. Locus Nor-A7 is located at the terminal area of the long arm of 5A in both diploid and polyploid wheats. Locus Nor-B6 is located in N-band 1BL2.5 of the long arm of chromosome 1B in Tritic...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00368010
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells containing null mutations in the SEP1 gene, which encodes the homologous pairing and strand exchange protein p175SEP1, enter pachytene with a delay. They arrest uniformly at this stage of meiotic prophase, probably revealing a checkpoint in the transition from pachytene to meiosis I. At ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00352322
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Meiotic pairing has now been shown to require heterochromatic homology and to be sensitive to repeat number in both male and female Drosophila. The increased pairing ability of repetitive sequences could be one reason that most eukaryotes allow the accumulation of tandem repeated elements. This may well be a reflectio...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF00364720
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using electron spectroscopic imaging, a new type of small granular structural constituent has been observed in the extrachromosomal zone of the polytene nucleus of the salivary gland cells of Chironomus thummi and Chironomus tentans. These granules appear isolated or in small clumps and are often seen to be connected ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00650895
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nature of replication origins in eukaryotic chromosomes has been examined in some detail only in yeast, Drosophila, and mammalian cells. We have used highly synchronous cultures of plasmodia of the myxomycete Physarum and two-dimensional agarose gel electrophoresis to examine replication of two developmentally con...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00368349
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In budding yeast, mitotic DNA replication initiates at sequence-specific replication origins, the prototype for which is ARS1. Initiation serves as the primary control point for mitotic DNA replication, and is catalyzed by the Cdc7 protein kinase. In contrast, premeiotic DNA replication apparently does not require Cdc...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00360406
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nucleolar matrix structures were obtained under different extraction conditions from highly purified isolated nucleoli. Their ultrastructural appearance, protein composition and capacity to bind rDNA preferentially were studied in a model binding system. A region spanning approximately 25 kb in the rat ribosomal gene ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00352403
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The overall nuclease sensitivity and methylation of active and inactive X chromosomes of kangaroos were examined by in situ nick translation. Cultured fibroblasts of subspecies wallaroo-euro (Macropus robustus robustus; Macropus robustus erubescens) hybrids were used, enabling the paternally and maternally derived X c...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00356024
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fluorescent in situ hybridization with chromosome specific probes was used in conjunction with laser scanning confocal microscopy to assess the three-dimensional distribution of chromosomes in human T-lymphocyte nuclei. Cells in the G1-phase of the cell cycle exhibit a distinctly non-random chromosome organization:cen...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00660315
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the parasitic wasp Nasonia vitripennis, certain males carry a B chromosome, called PSR (paternal sex ratio), which causes the compaction and subsequent loss of the paternal chromosomes in fertilized eggs. Because Nasonia are haplo-diploid, this leads to the production of all-male broods. Three families (PSR2, PSR18...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00660317
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00